Load Frequency Control Adaptation Using Artificial Intelligent Techniques for One and Two Different Areas Power System

The main objective of Load Frequency Control (LFC) is to regulate the power output of the electric generator within an area in response to changes in system frequency and tie-line loading .Thus the LFC helps in maintaining the scheduled system frequency and tie-line power interchange with the other areas within the prescribed limits. Most LFCs are primarily composed of an integral controller. The integrator gain is set to a level that the compromises between fast transient recovery and low overshoot in the dynamic response of the overall system. This type of controller is slow and does not allow the controller designer to take into account possible changes in operating condition and non-linearities in the generator unit. Moreover, it lacks robustness. This paper studies control of load frequency in two area power system with PID controller. In this study, PID parameters are tuned using different adaptation techniques. The overshoots and settling times with the proposed controllers are better than the outputs of the conventional PID controllers. The effectiveness of the proposed scheme is confirmed via extensive study using MATLAB/SIMULINK software. Simulation results are carried out by 1 to 10% system disturbances in both of one and two areas power system. Simulations are done by using the same PID parameters for the two different areas because it gives a better performance for the system frequency response than in case of using two different PID parameters for the two areas. Comparison of performance responses of conventional PID controller with PID controller using different intelligent techniques for the both cases show that the fuzzy tuned controller has better satisfactory generalization capability, feasibility and reliability, as well as accuracy than GA and the PSO algorithms. The qualitative and quantitative comparison has been carried out for the different controllers for one and two area power system.